Abstract:Using the method of plots sampling, we investigated the community of Phoebe zhennan within 5 towns, which are situated in Xianfeng county, Enshi city, Hubei province, in order to protect the natural resource of P. zhennan and make rational use of it. We record and analyzed the effects of ecological factors and community characteristics and the result showed that among the 5 places there were 2 incremental communities and 3 decaying communities. Besides, the middle slope with shady orientation, is the most suitable living environment of P. zhennan communities.